Cyjb.Compilers.Design 1.0.20

dotnet add package Cyjb.Compilers.Design --version 1.0.20
NuGet\Install-Package Cyjb.Compilers.Design -Version 1.0.20
This command is intended to be used within the Package Manager Console in Visual Studio, as it uses the NuGet module's version of Install-Package.
<PackageReference Include="Cyjb.Compilers.Design" Version="1.0.20">
  <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
  <IncludeAssets>runtime; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers</IncludeAssets>
</PackageReference>
For projects that support PackageReference, copy this XML node into the project file to reference the package.
paket add Cyjb.Compilers.Design --version 1.0.20
#r "nuget: Cyjb.Compilers.Design, 1.0.20"
#r directive can be used in F# Interactive and Polyglot Notebooks. Copy this into the interactive tool or source code of the script to reference the package.
// Install Cyjb.Compilers.Design as a Cake Addin
#addin nuget:?package=Cyjb.Compilers.Design&version=1.0.20

// Install Cyjb.Compilers.Design as a Cake Tool
#tool nuget:?package=Cyjb.Compilers.Design&version=1.0.20

Cyjb.Compilers.Design

alternate text is missing from this package README image

允许通过设计时 T4 模板生成词法分析器和语法分析器的实现。

使用方式

  1. 通过 nuget 依赖运行时 Cyjb.Compilers.Runtime

  2. 通过 nuget 依赖生成器 Cyjb.Compilers.Design,注意请如下指定引用配置,可以正常编译项目并避免产生运行时引用。

<ItemGroup>
	<PackageReference Include="Cyjb.Compilers.Design" Version="1.0.5">
		<GeneratePathProperty>True</GeneratePathProperty>
		<PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
		<IncludeAssets>compile; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers; buildtransitive</IncludeAssets>
	</PackageReference>
</ItemGroup>
  1. 编写词法分析器的控制器类,例如:
using Cyjb.Compilers.Lexers;

enum Calc { Id, Add, Sub, Mul, Div, Pow, LBrace, RBrace }

[LexerSymbol("\\+", Kind = Calc.Add)]
[LexerSymbol("\\-", Kind = Calc.Sub)]
[LexerSymbol("\\*", Kind = Calc.Mul)]
[LexerSymbol("\\/", Kind = Calc.Div)]
[LexerSymbol("\\^", Kind = Calc.Pow)]
[LexerSymbol("\\(", Kind = Calc.LBrace)]
[LexerSymbol("\\)", Kind = Calc.RBrace)]
[LexerSymbol("\\s")]
// 必须是部分类,且继承自 LexerController<Calc>
public partial class CalcLexer : LexerController<Calc>
{
	/// <summary>
	/// 数字的终结符定义。
	/// </summary>
	[LexerSymbol("[0-9]+", Kind = Calc.Id)]
	public void DigitAction()
	{
		Value = int.Parse(Text);
		Accept();
	}
}

或者语法分析器的控制器类,例如:

using Cyjb.Compilers.Parsers;

[ParserLeftAssociate(Calc.Add, Calc.Sub)]
[ParserLeftAssociate(Calc.Mul, Calc.Div)]
[ParserRightAssociate(Calc.Pow)]
[ParserNonAssociate(Calc.Id)]
// 必须是部分类,且继承自 ParserController<Calc>
public partial class CalcParser : ParserController<Calc>
{
	[ParserProduction(Calc.E, Calc.Id)]
	private object? IdAction()
	{
		return this[0].Value;
	}

	[ParserProduction(Calc.E, Calc.E, Calc.Add, Calc.E)]
	[ParserProduction(Calc.E, Calc.E, Calc.Sub, Calc.E)]
	[ParserProduction(Calc.E, Calc.E, Calc.Mul, Calc.E)]
	[ParserProduction(Calc.E, Calc.E, Calc.Div, Calc.E)]
	[ParserProduction(Calc.E, Calc.E, Calc.Pow, Calc.E)]
	private object? BinaryAction()
	{
		double left = (double)this[0].Value!;
		double right = (double)this[2].Value!;
		return this[1].Kind switch
		{
			Calc.Add => left + right,
			Calc.Sub => left - right,
			Calc.Mul => left * right,
			Calc.Div => left / right,
			Calc.Pow => Math.Pow(left, right),
			_ => throw CommonExceptions.Unreachable(),
		};
	}

	[ParserProduction(Calc.E, Calc.LBrace, Calc.E, Calc.RBrace)]
	private object? BraceAction()
	{
		return this[1].Value;
	}
}
  1. 添加与词法分析器同名的 tt 文件,内容如下:
<#@ include file="$(PkgCyjb_Compilers_Design)\content\CompilerTemplate.t4" #>

运行 T4 模板后即可生成同名的 .designed.cs 文件,包含了词法或语法分析器的实现。

通过 CalcLexer.FactoryCalcParser.Factory 即可访问创建词法/语法分析器的工厂类。

词法分析功能

词法分析器使用 LexerSymbol 特性声明终结符,使用的正则表达式的定义与 C# 正则表达式一致,但不包含定位点、捕获、Lookaround、反向引用、替换构造和替代功能。

正则表达式支持通过 / 指定向前看符号,支持指定匹配的上下文,并在执行动作时根据需要切换上下文。

如果前缀可以与多个正则表达式匹配,那么:

  1. 总是选择最长的前缀。
  2. 如果最长的可能前缀与多个正则表达式匹配,总是选择先定义的正则表达式。

支持使用 LexerContextLexerInclusiveContext 特性声明上下文或包含型上下文,在声明符号时可以通过 <ContextName>foo 指定生效的上下文。

支持使用 LexerRegex 特性声明公共正则表达式,在声明符号时可以通过 foo{RegexName}bar 引用公共正则表达式。

支持使用 LexerRejectable 特性开启 Reject 动作的支持。

语法分析功能

语法分析器使用 LALR 语法分析实现,使用 ParserProduction 特性声明产生式,并且可以通过 SymbolOptionOptionalZeroOrMoreOneOrMore 支持简单的子产生式,其功能类似于正则表达式中的 A?A*A+

支持使用 ParserNonAssociateParserLeftAssociateParserRightAssociate 声明符号的结合性。

默认使用首个出现的非终结符作为起始符号,也支持使用 ParserStart 指定起始符号。起始符号可以指定多个,并通过在语法分析器的 Parse 方法的参数来选择希望使用的起始符号。

还可以使用 ParseOption 指定起始符号的扫描方式。

欢迎访问我的博客获取更多信息。

C# 词法分析器系列博文

C# 语法法分析器系列博文

Product Compatible and additional computed target framework versions.
.NET net6.0 is compatible.  net6.0-android was computed.  net6.0-ios was computed.  net6.0-maccatalyst was computed.  net6.0-macos was computed.  net6.0-tvos was computed.  net6.0-windows was computed.  net7.0 was computed.  net7.0-android was computed.  net7.0-ios was computed.  net7.0-maccatalyst was computed.  net7.0-macos was computed.  net7.0-tvos was computed.  net7.0-windows was computed.  net8.0 was computed.  net8.0-android was computed.  net8.0-browser was computed.  net8.0-ios was computed.  net8.0-maccatalyst was computed.  net8.0-macos was computed.  net8.0-tvos was computed.  net8.0-windows was computed. 
Compatible target framework(s)
Included target framework(s) (in package)
Learn more about Target Frameworks and .NET Standard.

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