go.math.big 1.23.1.3

go.math.big

C# package converted from the Go standard library by go2cs. Go version: 1.23.1

Package big implements arbitrary-precision arithmetic (big numbers). The following numeric types are supported:

Int    signed integers
Rat    rational numbers
Float  floating-point numbers

The zero value for an [Int], [Rat], or [Float] correspond to 0. Thus, new values can be declared in the usual ways and denote 0 without further initialization:

var x Int        // &x is an *Int of value 0
var r = &Rat{}   // r is a *Rat of value 0
y := new(Float)  // y is a *Float of value 0

Alternatively, new values can be allocated and initialized with factory functions of the form:

func NewT(v V) *T

For instance, [NewInt](x) returns an *[Int] set to the value of the int64 argument x, [NewRat](a, b) returns a *[Rat] set to the fraction a/b where a and b are int64 values, and [NewFloat](f) returns a *[Float] initialized to the float64 argument f. More flexibility is provided with explicit setters, for instance:

var z1 Int
z1.SetUint64(123)                 // z1 := 123
z2 := new(Rat).SetFloat64(1.25)   // z2 := 5/4
z3 := new(Float).SetInt(z1)       // z3 := 123.0

Setters, numeric operations and predicates are represented as methods of the form:

func (z *T) SetV(v V) *T          // z = v
func (z *T) Unary(x *T) *T        // z = unary x
func (z *T) Binary(x, y *T) *T    // z = x binary y
func (x *T) Pred() P              // p = pred(x)

with T one of [Int], [Rat], or [Float]. For unary and binary operations, the result is the receiver (usually named z in that case; see below); if it is one of the operands x or y it may be safely overwritten (and its memory reused).

Arithmetic expressions are typically written as a sequence of individual method calls, with each call corresponding to an operation. The receiver denotes the result and the method arguments are the operation's operands. For instance, given three *Int values a, b and c, the invocation

c.Add(a, b)

computes the sum a + b and stores the result in c, overwriting whatever value was held in c before. Unless specified otherwise, operations permit aliasing of parameters, so it is perfectly ok to write

sum.Add(sum, x)

to accumulate values x in a sum.

(By always passing in a result value via the receiver, memory use can be much better controlled. Instead of having to allocate new memory for each result, an operation can reuse the space allocated for the result value, and overwrite that value with the new result in the process.)

Notational convention: Incoming method parameters (including the receiver) are named consistently in the API to clarify their use. Incoming operands are usually named x, y, a, b, and so on, but never z. A parameter specifying the result is named z (typically the receiver).

For instance, the arguments for (*Int).Add are named x and y, and because the receiver specifies the result destination, it is called z:

func (z *Int) Add(x, y *Int) *Int

Methods of this form typically return the incoming receiver as well, to enable simple call chaining.

Methods which don't require a result value to be passed in (for instance, [Int.Sign]), simply return the result. In this case, the receiver is typically the first operand, named x:

func (x *Int) Sign() int

Various methods support conversions between strings and corresponding numeric values, and vice versa: *[Int], *[Rat], and *[Float] values implement the Stringer interface for a (default) string representation of the value, but also provide SetString methods to initialize a value from a string in a variety of supported formats (see the respective SetString documentation).

Finally, *[Int], *[Rat], and *[Float] satisfy fmt.Scanner for scanning and (except for *[Rat]) the Formatter interface for formatted printing.

Part of the go2cs converted Go standard library. See the repository for usage and details.

Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved. This C# package is converted from Go standard library source; use of that source is governed by a BSD-style license that can be found in the LICENSE file. The go2cs conversion itself is distributed under the MIT license.