GetOpts 0.3.0

The main namespace of this library is DD.GetOpts.

First we need to define the required options:

var option1 = new Option( "a", "alpha", Argument.NONE, Occur.ONCE );
var option2 = new Option( "b", "beta", Argument.REQUIRED, Occur.OPTIONAL );
var option3 = new Option( "g", "gamma", Argument.OPTIONAL, Occur.MULTIPLE );

Every option consists a short and long name, as well as various occurrence and argument rules. A short name has to prefixed with a - in the supplied arguments while a long name has to be prefixed with a --. In the above example option1 can be parsed either via -a or --alpha. The argument rules of the above options are as follows:

• option1 doesn't have an argument (Only -a or --alpha are valid).
• option2 requires and argument (Only -b argument or --beta argument are valid).
• option3 can either have an argument or omit it.

The occurance rules of the above options are as follows:

• option1 must occur exactly once in the provided arguments.
• option2 can occur once in the provided arguments but doesn't have to.
• option3 can occur multiple times in the provided arguments but doesn't have to.

The next step is to add these options to the Options collection.

var options = new Options();
options.Add( option1 ).Add( options2 ).Add( options3 );

Options inherits IEnumerable so it can be iterated:

foreach ( var option in options ) {
    Console.WriteLine( $"Included Option: {option}" );
}

Now we are ready to parse command line arguments. In the following snippet we assume args is string[] provided by the Main method:

var matches = options.Parse( args );

Should a supplied argument not match any Option in the Options collection then the method will throw a ArgumentException with a detailed description. The exception are free-standing arguments without a short or long prefix. The return value of the Parse() method is a IEnumerable where T is Match. Let's assume we parsed first -a -g foo -g bar last then the result would include three matches. The first one for the free standing arguments first and last, the second for -a, and the third for -g. A Match has the following properties:

• ShortName: The short name of the matched option (In this example either a or g).
• LongName: The long name of the matched option (In this example either alpha or gamma).
• Count: The number of times the Option was matched. (1 for a and 2 for g ).
• Arguments: The read-only collection of all arguments supplied to the matched options. (Empty for a but would contain foo and bar for g).

A match for free-standing arguments doesn't have a ShortName or LongName. The Count is set to the amount of free-standing arguments. Arguments will be a list of all free-standing arguments encountered (In this case "first" and "last").

The best way to query the matches is by using Linq extensions:

// Get all arguments for -g/--gamma
var arguments = matches.Where( x => x.ShortName == "g" ).First().Arguments;

The default option prefixes - and -- can be changed to something else during the initialization of Options:

var options = new Options( "/", "//" );

Now short-name options would have to be prefixed with / and long-name options with // instead of - and --.